| WEIGHTS AND MEASURES |
| CUSTOMARY U.S. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES |
| Linear Measure |
| 12 inches (in) |
= |
1 foot (ft) |
| 3 feet |
= |
1 yard (yd) |
| 5 ½ yards |
= |
1 rod (rd), pole, or perch (16 ½ ft) |
| 40 rods |
= |
1 furlong (fur) = 220 yds = 660 ft |
| 8 furlongs |
= |
1 statute mile (mi) = 1,760 yds = 5,280 ft |
| 3 land miles |
= |
1 league |
| 5,280 feet |
= |
1 statute or land mile |
| 6,076.11549 feet |
= |
1 international nautical mile |
| Area Measure |
| 144 square inches |
= |
1 sq ft |
| 9 square feet |
= |
1 sq yd = 1,296 sq in |
| 30 ¼ square yards |
= |
1 sq rd = 272 ¼ sq ft |
| 160 square rods |
= |
1 acre = 4,840 sq yds = 43,560 sq ft |
| 640 acres |
= |
1 sq mi |
| 1 mile square |
= |
1 section (of land) |
| 6 miles square |
= |
1 township = 36 sections = 36 sq mi Cubic Measure |
| 1,728 cubic inches |
= |
1 cu ft |
| 27 cubic feet |
= |
1 cu yd |
| Liquid Measure |
| When necessary to distinguish the liquid pint or quart from the dry pint or quart, the word “liquid” or the abbreviation “liq” should be used in combination with the name or abbreviation of the liquid unit. |
| 4 gills (gi) |
= |
1 pint (pt) (= 28.875 cu in.) |
| 2 pints |
= |
1 quart (qt) (= 57.75 cu in.) |
| 4 quarts |
= |
1 gallon (gal) (= 231 cu in.) = 8 pts = 32 gills |
| Apothecaries’ Fluid Measure |
| 60 minims (min.) |
= |
1 fluid dram (fl dr) (= 0.2256 cu in.) |
| 8 fluid drams |
= |
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) ( = 1.8047 cu in.) |
| 16 fluid ounces |
= |
1 pt (= 28.875 cu in.) = 128 fl drs |
| 2 pints |
= |
1 qt (= 57.75 cu in.) = 32 fl oz = 256 fl drs |
| 4 quarts |
= |
1 gal ( = 231 cu in.) = 128 fl oz = 1,024 fl drs |
| Dry Measure |
| When necessary to distinguish the dry pint or quart from the liquid pint or quart, the word “dry” should be used in combination with the name or abbreviation of the dry unit. |
| 2 pints |
= |
1 qt (= 67.2006 cu in.) |
| 8 quarts |
= |
1 peck (pk) (= 537.605 cu in.) = 16 pts |
| 4 pecks |
= |
1 bushel (bu) (= 2,150.42 cu in.) = 32 qts |
| Avoirdupois Weight |
When necessary to distinguish the avoirdupois dram from the apothecaries’ dram, or to distinguish the avoirdupois dram or ounce from the fluid dram or ounce, or to distinguish the avoirdupois ounce or pound from the troy or apothecaries’ ounce or pound, the word “avoirdupois” or the abbreviation
“avdp” should be used in combination with the name or abbreviation of the avoirdupois unit. (The “grain” is the same in avoirdupois, troy and
apothecaries’ weights.) |
| 27 11/32 grains |
= |
1 dram (dr) |
| 16 drams |
= |
1 oz = 437 ½ grains |
| 16 ounces |
= |
1 lb = 256 drams = 7,000 grains |
| 100 pounds |
= |
1 hundredweight (cwt)* |
| 20 hundredweights |
= |
1 ton (tn) = 2,000 lbs* |
| In “gross” or “long” measure, the following values are recognized: |
| 112 pounds |
= |
1 gross or long cwt*
20 gross or long |
| hundredweights |
= |
1 gross or long ton = 2,240 lbs* |
* When the terms “hundredweight“ and “ton” are used unmodified, they are commonly understood to mean the 100-pound hundredweight and the 2,000-pound ton, respectively; these units may be designated “net” or
“short” when necessary to distinguish them from the corresponding units in gross or long measure. |
| Circular Measure |
| Second (“) |
= |
1/60 minute |
| Minute (‘) |
= |
60 seconds |
| Degree (º) |
= |
60 minutes |
| Right angle |
= |
90 degrees |
| Straight angle |
= |
180 degrees |
| Circle |
= |
360 degrees |
| Troy Weight |
| 24 grains |
= |
1 pennyweight (dwt) |
| 20 pennyweights |
= |
1 ounce troy (oz t) = 480 grains |
| 12 ounces troy |
= |
1 pound troy (lb t) = 240 pennyweights = 5,760 grains |
| Apothecaries’ Weight |
| 20 grains |
= |
1 scruple (s ap) |
| 3 scruples |
= |
1 dram apothecaries’ (d rap) = 60 grains |
| 8 drams apothecaries’ |
= |
1 ounce apothecaries’ (oz ap) =24 scruples = 480 grains |
| 12 ounces pothecaries’ |
= |
1 pound apothecaries’ (lb ap) = 96 drams apothecaries‘ = 288 scruples = 5,760 grains |
| Gunter’s or Surveyor’s Chain Measure |
| 7.92 inches |
= |
1 link (li) |
| 100 links |
= |
1 chain (ch) = 4 rods = 66 ft |
| 80 chains |
= |
1 statute mile = 320 rods = 5,280 ft |
| Top |
| METRIC WEIGHTS AND MEASURES |
| Linear Measure |
| 10 millimeters (mm) |
= |
1 centimeter (cm) |
| 10 centimeters |
= |
1 decimeter (dm) = 100 millimeters |
| 10 decimeters |
= |
1 meter (m) = 1,000 millimeters |
| 10 meters |
= |
1 dekameter (dam) |
| 10 dekameters |
= |
1 hectometer (hm) = 100 meters |
| 10 hectometers |
= |
1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 meters |
| Area Measure |
| 100 square millimeters (mm²) |
= |
1 sq centimeter (cm²) |
| 10,000 square centimeters |
= |
1 sq meter (m²) = 1,000,000 sq millimeters |
| 100 square meters |
= |
1 are (a) |
| 100 ares |
= |
1 hectare (ha) = 10,000 sq meters |
| 100 hectares |
= |
1 sq kilometer (km²) = 1,000,000
sq meters |
| 1 acre |
= |
160 square rods = 10 square chains = 4,840 square yards =
= 43,560 square feet = 0.405 hectares |
| Volume Measure |
| 10 milliliters (ml) |
= |
1 centiliter (cl) |
| 10 centiliters |
= |
1 deciliter (dl) = 100 milliliters |
| 10 deciliters |
= |
1 liter (l) = 1,000 milliliters |
| 10 liters |
= |
1 dekaliter (dal) |
| 10 dekaliters |
= |
1 hectoliter (hl) = 100 liters |
| 10 hectoliters |
= |
1 kiloliter (kl) = 1,000 liters |
| Cubic Measure |
| 1,000 cubic millimeters (mm³) |
= |
1 cu centimeter (cm³) |
| 1,000 cubic centimeters |
= |
1 cu decimeter (dm³) = 1,000,000 cu millimeters |
| 1,000 cubic decimeters |
= |
1 cu meter (m³) = 1 stere =
= 1,000,000 cu centimeters = 1,000,000,000 cu millimeters |
| Weight |
| 10 milligrams (mg) |
= |
1 centigram (cg) |
| 10 centigrams |
= |
1 decigram (dg) = 100 milligrams
|
| 10 decigrams |
= |
1 gram (g) = 1,000 milligrams |
| 10 grams |
= |
1 dekagram (dag) |
| 10 dekagrams |
= |
1 hectogram (hg) = 100 grams |
| 10 hectograms |
= |
1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams |
| 1,000 kilograms |
= |
1 metric ton (t) |
